Recognizing the Signs of DKA

Diabetic Ketoacidosis, commonly known as DKA, is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes. It most frequently affects people with Type 1, but it can occasionally happen to those with Type 2 during severe illness.

DKA occurs when your body does not have enough insulin to allow blood sugar into your cells for use as energy. When your cells are starving, your body panics and begins breaking down fat at a rapid rate to use for fuel instead. The byproduct of this rapid fat breakdown is a type of acid called ketones.

When ketones build up too quickly, they can cause your blood to become dangerously acidic. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate hospital treatment.

The early warning signs of DKA often mimic a stomach bug, which is why it can be easily missed. Symptoms include severe nausea and vomiting, stomach pain, extreme thirst, frequent urination, and profound fatigue. As it progresses, you might experience deep, rapid breathing, confusion, and breath that smells distinctly fruity or like nail polish remover.

If you experience these symptoms alongside high blood sugar, you should test for ketones immediately and seek emergency medical care.